Lithium iron phosphate battery vs ternary lithium battery

Compared with ternary lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries have advantages and disadvantages in multiple dimensions, so in terms of application, according to the structural performance requirements of the industry and specific products, there are different trade-off options. Let's analyze them together to help everyone. Objectively understand battery characteristics.

1.Features of LiFePO4 battery

The cathode material of lithium iron phosphate battery is lithium iron phosphate. Working voltage (3.2V), (170mAh/g).

Advantages: Compared with the more common lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganate batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries have at least the following five advantages: higher safety, longer service life, no heavy metals and rare metals (raw material cost low), supports fast charging, and has a wide operating temperature range.

Disadvantages: low energy density; high manufacturing cost, low battery yield, poor consistency; intellectual property issues.

2. Features of ternary lithium battery

Ternary lithium battery cathode material: nickel cobalt lithium manganate (Li(NiCoMn)O2). According to different anode materials, it is subdivided into:

Ternary power battery: It means that the positive electrode is ternary and the negative electrode is graphite.

Ternary lithium titanate battery: refers to the positive electrode is ternary, the negative electrode is lithium titanate, its safety performance and life are relatively long.

Advantages: The ternary lithium battery has high energy density and good cycle performance. The nominal voltage of the battery has reached 3.7V, and the capacity has reached or exceeded the level of lithium cobalt oxide batteries.

Disadvantages: ternary material power lithium batteries mainly include nickel-cobalt-aluminate lithium battery, nickel-cobalt-aluminum lithium manganate battery, etc. Due to the unstable high-temperature structure of nickel-cobalt-aluminum, the high temperature safety is poor, and the pH value is too high, which is easy to make the monomer flatulence , and then lead to danger, the current cost is high.

3. Summary of lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery

Ternary lithium materials are more likely to catch fire, and because of such safety hazards, battery manufacturers are working hard to suppress accidents. According to the easy pyrolysis characteristics of ternary lithium materials, battery factories will pay a lot of attention to overcharge protection (OVP), overdischarge protection (UVP), overtemperature protection (OTP), and overcurrent protection (OCP). 's effort.

The lithium iron phosphate battery can reach 6000 cycles in the car, and there is no need to replace the battery for life. The ternary lithium battery only has 600-1K cycles in the mobile phone, and it takes about 2-3 years. Since the above materials are defective, the lithium battery will be used in the future. Lithium titanate battery is launched, with higher safety performance, high and low temperature resistance, long life, up to 20,000 cycles (no need to replace the battery for life in automobiles and ships), but compared with lithium iron phosphate batteries, the volume is 30% larger and the cost is high 2.5 times, the engineer team of Keheng lithium battery manufacturer is improving this defect on the R&D side, let us look forward to the technological breakthrough of Keheng New Energy.

4. Application of lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery

Some of BYD's new energy vehicles use ternary lithium batteries, and some use lithium iron phosphate batteries.

Tesla model 3 uses a total of two types of batteries, one is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the other is a ternary lithium battery.

Mobile phones and digital products have extremely high requirements on volume and capacity, and only ternary lithium batteries can be selected. Apple mobile phones, Huawei mobile phones, and Xiaomi mobile phones all use ternary lithium batteries.